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events
events
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Description:
2016 Visiting Scholar Farhan Karim presents his research: In the recent development of architectural history, the involvement of Western architects in emerging postcolonial nations has been reviewed within the broader geopolitics of decolonization and global cold war. That analysis is certainly correct, as far as it goes, but what is needed historiographically is nuanced(...)
2016 Visiting Scholar Farhan Karim presents his research: In the recent development of architectural history, the involvement of Western architects in emerging postcolonial nations has been reviewed within the broader geopolitics of decolonization and global cold war. That analysis is certainly correct, as far as it goes, but what is needed historiographically is nuanced(...)
Location:
Shaughnessy House
Shaughnessy House
Date:
7 July 2016, 6pm
7 July 2016, 6pm
Title:
Visiting Scholar Seminar: Farhan Karim
Actions:
Description:
2016 Visiting Scholar Farhan Karim presents his research: In the recent development of architectural history, the involvement of Western architects in emerging postcolonial nations has been reviewed within the broader geopolitics of decolonization and global cold war. That analysis is certainly correct, as far as it goes, but what is needed historiographically is nuanced(...)
Visiting Scholar Seminar: Farhan Karim
Actions:
Description:
2016 Visiting Scholar Farhan Karim presents his research: In the recent development of architectural history, the involvement of Western architects in emerging postcolonial nations has been reviewed within the broader geopolitics of decolonization and global cold war. That analysis is certainly correct, as far as it goes, but what is needed historiographically is nuanced(...)
Form:
events
events
Date:
7 July 2016
6pm
7 July 2016
6pm
Location:
Shaughnessy House
Shaughnessy House
Form:
archives
Level of archival description:
Fonds
archives
Level of archival description:
Fonds
Title:
PGL architectes fonds
PGL architectes fonds
Actions:
Reference number:
AP014
Synopsis:
Le fonds PGL architectes, 1959 – 1994, témoigne des activités de la firme d’architecture montréalaise, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, autant que ses sociétés affiliées et firmes remplaçantes. La majorité du fonds comprend des documents qui représentent 70 projets architecturaux, incluant des projets entrepris à travers le Québec, à Ottawa, à de multiples endroits au Nunavut, ainsi que des projets internationaux. Le fonds met en évidence la participation du PGL dans la construction d'infrastructure coloniale au Nunavik et au Nunavut, y compris les travaux sur des écoles associées avec des foyers fédéraux, qui sont reconnus comme faisant partie du système des pensionnats autochtones du Canada. De plus, le fonds documente l’utilisation des panneaux de fibre de verre modulaires employés par PGL. Pour la plupart, les documents dans ce fonds se composent des dessins, des documents photographiques, et des documents textuels. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The PGL architectes fonds, 1959 - 1994, documents the work and activities of the Montréal-based architecture firm, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, and its successor and affiliate companies. The records within this fonds represent 70 architectural projects undertaken by the firm, which include projects throughout Québec, Ottawa, and various locations in Nunavut, as well as some international projects. The fonds offers evidence of PGL’s participation in the construction of colonial infrastructure in Nunavik and Nunavut, including work on schools that are connected to Federal Hostels which are recognised as part of Canada's Indian Residential School system. The fonds also contains records documenting PGL’s use of modular, fiberglass-reinforced plastic panels in construction. The records within this fonds largely consist of drawings, photographic materials, and textual records.
AP014
Synopsis:
Le fonds PGL architectes, 1959 – 1994, témoigne des activités de la firme d’architecture montréalaise, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, autant que ses sociétés affiliées et firmes remplaçantes. La majorité du fonds comprend des documents qui représentent 70 projets architecturaux, incluant des projets entrepris à travers le Québec, à Ottawa, à de multiples endroits au Nunavut, ainsi que des projets internationaux. Le fonds met en évidence la participation du PGL dans la construction d'infrastructure coloniale au Nunavik et au Nunavut, y compris les travaux sur des écoles associées avec des foyers fédéraux, qui sont reconnus comme faisant partie du système des pensionnats autochtones du Canada. De plus, le fonds documente l’utilisation des panneaux de fibre de verre modulaires employés par PGL. Pour la plupart, les documents dans ce fonds se composent des dessins, des documents photographiques, et des documents textuels. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The PGL architectes fonds, 1959 - 1994, documents the work and activities of the Montréal-based architecture firm, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, and its successor and affiliate companies. The records within this fonds represent 70 architectural projects undertaken by the firm, which include projects throughout Québec, Ottawa, and various locations in Nunavut, as well as some international projects. The fonds offers evidence of PGL’s participation in the construction of colonial infrastructure in Nunavik and Nunavut, including work on schools that are connected to Federal Hostels which are recognised as part of Canada's Indian Residential School system. The fonds also contains records documenting PGL’s use of modular, fiberglass-reinforced plastic panels in construction. The records within this fonds largely consist of drawings, photographic materials, and textual records.
People:
- PGL architectes (architectural firm)
- Louis Joseph Papineau (architect)
- Guy Gérin-Lajoie (architect)
- Michel Le Blanc (architect)
- Gordon Edwards (architect)
- PGL architectes (archive creator)
- Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes (architectural firm)
- Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc Edwards (PGLE) (architectural firm)
- LGM Gérance Ltée (role unspecified)
- Guy Gérin-Lajoie, architecte (architectural firm)
- Gordon Edwards (architect)
- Alexandre Spinelli (architect)
- Albert Cloutier (architect)
- Yvon Lapierre (architect)
- Bernard Demers (architect)
- Louis Constantineau (architect)
- Jacob Fichten (architect)
- Gerald Soiferman (architect)
(See more)
Date:
1959 - 1994
1959 - 1994
Title:
PGL architectes fonds
Actions:
AP014
Synopsis:
Le fonds PGL architectes, 1959 – 1994, témoigne des activités de la firme d’architecture montréalaise, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, autant que ses sociétés affiliées et firmes remplaçantes. La majorité du fonds comprend des documents qui représentent 70 projets architecturaux, incluant des projets entrepris à travers le Québec, à Ottawa, à de multiples endroits au Nunavut, ainsi que des projets internationaux. Le fonds met en évidence la participation du PGL dans la construction d'infrastructure coloniale au Nunavik et au Nunavut, y compris les travaux sur des écoles associées avec des foyers fédéraux, qui sont reconnus comme faisant partie du système des pensionnats autochtones du Canada. De plus, le fonds documente l’utilisation des panneaux de fibre de verre modulaires employés par PGL. Pour la plupart, les documents dans ce fonds se composent des dessins, des documents photographiques, et des documents textuels. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The PGL architectes fonds, 1959 - 1994, documents the work and activities of the Montréal-based architecture firm, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, and its successor and affiliate companies. The records within this fonds represent 70 architectural projects undertaken by the firm, which include projects throughout Québec, Ottawa, and various locations in Nunavut, as well as some international projects. The fonds offers evidence of PGL’s participation in the construction of colonial infrastructure in Nunavik and Nunavut, including work on schools that are connected to Federal Hostels which are recognised as part of Canada's Indian Residential School system. The fonds also contains records documenting PGL’s use of modular, fiberglass-reinforced plastic panels in construction. The records within this fonds largely consist of drawings, photographic materials, and textual records.
PGL architectes fonds
Actions:
AP014
Synopsis:
Le fonds PGL architectes, 1959 – 1994, témoigne des activités de la firme d’architecture montréalaise, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, autant que ses sociétés affiliées et firmes remplaçantes. La majorité du fonds comprend des documents qui représentent 70 projets architecturaux, incluant des projets entrepris à travers le Québec, à Ottawa, à de multiples endroits au Nunavut, ainsi que des projets internationaux. Le fonds met en évidence la participation du PGL dans la construction d'infrastructure coloniale au Nunavik et au Nunavut, y compris les travaux sur des écoles associées avec des foyers fédéraux, qui sont reconnus comme faisant partie du système des pensionnats autochtones du Canada. De plus, le fonds documente l’utilisation des panneaux de fibre de verre modulaires employés par PGL. Pour la plupart, les documents dans ce fonds se composent des dessins, des documents photographiques, et des documents textuels. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The PGL architectes fonds, 1959 - 1994, documents the work and activities of the Montréal-based architecture firm, Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes, and its successor and affiliate companies. The records within this fonds represent 70 architectural projects undertaken by the firm, which include projects throughout Québec, Ottawa, and various locations in Nunavut, as well as some international projects. The fonds offers evidence of PGL’s participation in the construction of colonial infrastructure in Nunavik and Nunavut, including work on schools that are connected to Federal Hostels which are recognised as part of Canada's Indian Residential School system. The fonds also contains records documenting PGL’s use of modular, fiberglass-reinforced plastic panels in construction. The records within this fonds largely consist of drawings, photographic materials, and textual records.
Form:
archives
Level of archival description:
Fonds
archives
Level of archival description:
Fonds
Date:
1959 - 1994
1959 - 1994
People:
- PGL architectes (architectural firm)
- Louis Joseph Papineau (architect)
- Guy Gérin-Lajoie (architect)
- Michel Le Blanc (architect)
- Gordon Edwards (architect)
- PGL architectes (archive creator)
- Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc architectes (architectural firm)
- Papineau Gérin-Lajoie Le Blanc Edwards (PGLE) (architectural firm)
- LGM Gérance Ltée (role unspecified)
- Guy Gérin-Lajoie, architecte (architectural firm)
- Gordon Edwards (architect)
- Alexandre Spinelli (architect)
- Albert Cloutier (architect)
- Yvon Lapierre (architect)
- Bernard Demers (architect)
- Louis Constantineau (architect)
- Jacob Fichten (architect)
- Gerald Soiferman (architect)
(See more)
Form:
journals and magazines
journals and magazines
Title:
Journal of cold war studies.
Journal of cold war studies.
Actions:
Author:
Subject:
Publication:
Cambridge, MA : MIT Press Journals, ©1999-
Cambridge, MA : MIT Press Journals, ©1999-
Form:
journals and magazines
journals and magazines
Publication:
Cambridge, MA : MIT Press Journals, ©1999-
Cambridge, MA : MIT Press Journals, ©1999-
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
xvi, 281 pages : illustrations (some color), maps, plans ; 28 cm
Description:
xvi, 281 pages : illustrations (some color), maps, plans ; 28 cm
Author:
Subject:
- Military architecture Great Britain.,
- Civil defense Great Britain.,
- Cold War.,
- Bunkers (Fortification) Great Britain History 20th century.,
- Ballistic missile early warning system Great Britain.,
- Historic buildings Conservation and restoration Great Britain.,
- Historic sites Conservation and restoration Great Britain.,
- Architecture militaire Grande-Bretagne.,
- Protection civile Grande-Bretagne.,
- Guerre froide.,
- Bunkers (Fortifications) Grande-Bretagne Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Système de détection lointaine des missiles balistiques Grande-Bretagne.,
- Monuments historiques Conservation et restauration Grande-Bretagne.,
- Lieux historiques Conservation et restauration Grande-Bretagne.,
- Ballistic missile early warning system,
- Bunkers (Fortification),
- Civil defense,
- Historic buildings Conservation and restoration,
- Historic sites Conservation and restoration,
- Military architecture,
- Great Britain,
- History
(See more)
Publication:
Swindon : English Heritage, 2003.
Swindon : English Heritage, 2003.
Title:
Cold war : building for nuclear confrontation 1946-1989 / Wayne D. Cocroft and Roger J.C. Thomas ; edited by P.S. Barnwell.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
xvi, 281 pages : illustrations (some color), maps, plans ; 28 cm
Cold war : building for nuclear confrontation 1946-1989 / Wayne D. Cocroft and Roger J.C. Thomas ; edited by P.S. Barnwell.
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Holdings:
Description:
xvi, 281 pages : illustrations (some color), maps, plans ; 28 cm
Form:
books
books
Publication:
Swindon : English Heritage, 2003.
Swindon : English Heritage, 2003.
Subject:
- Military architecture Great Britain.,
- Civil defense Great Britain.,
- Cold War.,
- Bunkers (Fortification) Great Britain History 20th century.,
- Ballistic missile early warning system Great Britain.,
- Historic buildings Conservation and restoration Great Britain.,
- Historic sites Conservation and restoration Great Britain.,
- Architecture militaire Grande-Bretagne.,
- Protection civile Grande-Bretagne.,
- Guerre froide.,
- Bunkers (Fortifications) Grande-Bretagne Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Système de détection lointaine des missiles balistiques Grande-Bretagne.,
- Monuments historiques Conservation et restauration Grande-Bretagne.,
- Lieux historiques Conservation et restauration Grande-Bretagne.,
- Ballistic missile early warning system,
- Bunkers (Fortification),
- Civil defense,
- Historic buildings Conservation and restoration,
- Historic sites Conservation and restoration,
- Military architecture,
- Great Britain,
- History
(See more)
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
34 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 18 cm
Description:
34 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 18 cm
Subject:
Publication:
Amsterdam : Bart Sorgedrager, 1997.
Amsterdam : Bart Sorgedrager, 1997.
Title:
Cold War : civiele verdediging in Nederland, 1949-1989 = Cold War : civil defence in the Netherlands, 1949-1989.
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Holdings:
Description:
34 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 18 cm
Cold War : civiele verdediging in Nederland, 1949-1989 = Cold War : civil defence in the Netherlands, 1949-1989.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
34 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 18 cm
Form:
books
books
Publication:
Amsterdam : Bart Sorgedrager, 1997.
Amsterdam : Bart Sorgedrager, 1997.
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
287 pages : illustrations, maps ; 22 cm
Description:
287 pages : illustrations, maps ; 22 cm
Subject:
- Material culture United States History 20th century.,
- Technological innovations United States History 20th century.,
- Culture matérielle États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Innovations États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Manners and customs.,
- Material culture.,
- Social conditions,
- Technological innovations.,
- Utopische Architektur,
- Kunststoff,
- Architektur,
- Sachkultur,
- Ost-West-Konflikt,
- 1940-1949.,
- 1950-1959.,
- 1960-1969.,
- Coutume sociale.,
- Culture matérielle.,
- Innovation technologique.,
- United States History 1945-,
- United States Social conditions 1945-,
- United States Social life and customs 1945-1970.,
- États-Unis Histoire 1945-,
- États-Unis Conditions sociales 1945-,
- États-Unis Mœurs et coutumes 1945-1970.,
- United States.,
- USA,
- États-Unis.,
- History.
(See more)
Publication:
New York : Princeton Architectural Press, ©2004.
New York : Princeton Architectural Press, ©2004.
Title:
Cold war hothouses : inventing postwar culture, from cockpit to playboy / Beatriz Colomina, AnnMarie Brennan, and Jeannie Kim, editors.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
287 pages : illustrations, maps ; 22 cm
Cold war hothouses : inventing postwar culture, from cockpit to playboy / Beatriz Colomina, AnnMarie Brennan, and Jeannie Kim, editors.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
287 pages : illustrations, maps ; 22 cm
Form:
books
books
Publication:
New York : Princeton Architectural Press, ©2004.
New York : Princeton Architectural Press, ©2004.
Subject:
- Material culture United States History 20th century.,
- Technological innovations United States History 20th century.,
- Culture matérielle États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Innovations États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Manners and customs.,
- Material culture.,
- Social conditions,
- Technological innovations.,
- Utopische Architektur,
- Kunststoff,
- Architektur,
- Sachkultur,
- Ost-West-Konflikt,
- 1940-1949.,
- 1950-1959.,
- 1960-1969.,
- Coutume sociale.,
- Culture matérielle.,
- Innovation technologique.,
- United States History 1945-,
- United States Social conditions 1945-,
- United States Social life and customs 1945-1970.,
- États-Unis Histoire 1945-,
- États-Unis Conditions sociales 1945-,
- États-Unis Mœurs et coutumes 1945-1970.,
- United States.,
- USA,
- États-Unis.,
- History.
(See more)
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
1 volume : chiefly illustrations (chiefly color) ; 24 x 29 cm
Description:
1 volume : chiefly illustrations (chiefly color) ; 24 x 29 cm
Subject:
Publication:
Brooklyn, NY : Mark Batty ; London : Thames & Hudson [distributor], ©2011.
Brooklyn, NY : Mark Batty ; London : Thames & Hudson [distributor], ©2011.
Title:
Polish Cold War neon / Ilona Karwińska.
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Holdings:
Description:
1 volume : chiefly illustrations (chiefly color) ; 24 x 29 cm
Polish Cold War neon / Ilona Karwińska.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
1 volume : chiefly illustrations (chiefly color) ; 24 x 29 cm
Form:
books
books
Publication:
Brooklyn, NY : Mark Batty ; London : Thames & Hudson [distributor], ©2011.
Brooklyn, NY : Mark Batty ; London : Thames & Hudson [distributor], ©2011.
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
423 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm
Description:
423 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm
Subject:
- United States. Agency for International Development.,
- Weltausstellung,
- Exhibitions United States History 20th century.,
- Exhibition buildings United States History 20th century.,
- Cold War Social aspects.,
- Cold War in mass media.,
- Architecture and society.,
- Expositions Constructions États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Guerre froide Aspect social.,
- Guerre froide dans les médias.,
- Architecture et société.,
- Cold War (1945-1989) in mass media.,
- Exhibition buildings.,
- Exhibitions.,
- Social aspects.,
- Ausstellung,
- Geschichte,
- Kunst,
- Politische Identität,
- Arkitektur och samhälle 1945-1980.,
- Kalla kriget kulturella förbindelser.,
- Propaganda historia 1945-1980.,
- Utställningar historia Förenta staterna 1945-1980.,
- Utställningsverksamhet Förenta staterna 1945-1980.,
- Världsutställningar 1945-1980.,
- Propaganda Weltausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt USA Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- Weltausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt Propaganda USA Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- Ost-West-Konflikt Weltausstellung Propaganda USA Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- United States.,
- USA,
- USA Propaganda Weltausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- Ausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt.,
- History.,
- Ausstellungskatalog.
(See more)
Publication:
Baden, Switzerland : Lars Müller, ©2008.
Baden, Switzerland : Lars Müller, ©2008.
Title:
Cold War confrontations : US exhibitions and their role in the cultural Cold War / Jack Masey, Conway Lloyd Morgan.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
423 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm
Cold War confrontations : US exhibitions and their role in the cultural Cold War / Jack Masey, Conway Lloyd Morgan.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
423 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm
Form:
books
books
Publication:
Baden, Switzerland : Lars Müller, ©2008.
Baden, Switzerland : Lars Müller, ©2008.
Subject:
- United States. Agency for International Development.,
- Weltausstellung,
- Exhibitions United States History 20th century.,
- Exhibition buildings United States History 20th century.,
- Cold War Social aspects.,
- Cold War in mass media.,
- Architecture and society.,
- Expositions Constructions États-Unis Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Guerre froide Aspect social.,
- Guerre froide dans les médias.,
- Architecture et société.,
- Cold War (1945-1989) in mass media.,
- Exhibition buildings.,
- Exhibitions.,
- Social aspects.,
- Ausstellung,
- Geschichte,
- Kunst,
- Politische Identität,
- Arkitektur och samhälle 1945-1980.,
- Kalla kriget kulturella förbindelser.,
- Propaganda historia 1945-1980.,
- Utställningar historia Förenta staterna 1945-1980.,
- Utställningsverksamhet Förenta staterna 1945-1980.,
- Världsutställningar 1945-1980.,
- Propaganda Weltausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt USA Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- Weltausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt Propaganda USA Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- Ost-West-Konflikt Weltausstellung Propaganda USA Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- United States.,
- USA,
- USA Propaganda Weltausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt Geschichte 1947-1980.,
- Ausstellung Ost-West-Konflikt.,
- History.,
- Ausstellungskatalog.
(See more)
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
319 pages : illustrations (chiefly color), portrait ; 25 x 25 cm
Description:
319 pages : illustrations (chiefly color), portrait ; 25 x 25 cm
Subject:
- Design Political aspects.,
- Design History 20th century.,
- Design Aspect politique.,
- Design Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Design,
- Ost-West-Konflikt,
- Vormgeving.,
- Koude Oorlog.,
- Ausstellung,
- Geschichte 1945-1970,
- Bildband.,
- Exhibition catalogs.,
- History,
- Ausstellungskatalog Victoria and Albert Museum 25.09.2008-11.01.2009 London.
(See more)
Publication:
London : V & A Publishing, 2008.
London : V & A Publishing, 2008.
Title:
Cold War modern : design 1945-1970 / edited by David Crowley and Jane Pavitt.
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Holdings:
Description:
319 pages : illustrations (chiefly color), portrait ; 25 x 25 cm
Cold War modern : design 1945-1970 / edited by David Crowley and Jane Pavitt.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
319 pages : illustrations (chiefly color), portrait ; 25 x 25 cm
Form:
books
books
Publication:
London : V & A Publishing, 2008.
London : V & A Publishing, 2008.
Subject:
- Design Political aspects.,
- Design History 20th century.,
- Design Aspect politique.,
- Design Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Design,
- Ost-West-Konflikt,
- Vormgeving.,
- Koude Oorlog.,
- Ausstellung,
- Geschichte 1945-1970,
- Bildband.,
- Exhibition catalogs.,
- History,
- Ausstellungskatalog Victoria and Albert Museum 25.09.2008-11.01.2009 London.
(See more)
Form:
books
books
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
xi, 362 pages : illustrations, map ; 23 cm.
Description:
xi, 362 pages : illustrations, map ; 23 cm.
Subject:
- Human ecology History 20th century.,
- Nature Effect of human beings on History 20th century.,
- Cold War Environmental aspects.,
- Homme Influence sur la nature Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Guerre froide Aspect de l'environnement.,
- Human ecology.,
- Nature Effect of human beings on.,
- History.
(See more)
Publication:
Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2013., ©2010
Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2013., ©2010
Title:
Environmental histories of the Cold War / edited by J.R. McNeill, Corinna R. Unger.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
xi, 362 pages : illustrations, map ; 23 cm.
Environmental histories of the Cold War / edited by J.R. McNeill, Corinna R. Unger.
Actions:
Holdings:
Description:
xi, 362 pages : illustrations, map ; 23 cm.
Form:
books
books
Publication:
Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2013., ©2010
Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 2013., ©2010
Subject:
- Human ecology History 20th century.,
- Nature Effect of human beings on History 20th century.,
- Cold War Environmental aspects.,
- Homme Influence sur la nature Histoire 20e siècle.,
- Guerre froide Aspect de l'environnement.,
- Human ecology.,
- Nature Effect of human beings on.,
- History.
(See more)
