The big archive
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The typewriter, the card index, and the filing cabinet: these are technologies and modalities of the archive. To the bureaucrat, archives contain little more than garbage, paperwork no longer needed; to the historian, on the other hand, the archive’s content stands as a quasi-objective correlative of the “living” past. Twentieth-century art made use of the archive in a(...)
The big archive
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The typewriter, the card index, and the filing cabinet: these are technologies and modalities of the archive. To the bureaucrat, archives contain little more than garbage, paperwork no longer needed; to the historian, on the other hand, the archive’s content stands as a quasi-objective correlative of the “living” past. Twentieth-century art made use of the archive in a variety of ways—from what Spieker calls Marcel Duchamp’s “anemic archive” of readymades and El Lissitzky’s Demonstration Rooms to the compilations of photographs made by such postwar artists as Susan Hiller and Gerhard Richter. In "The big archive", Sven Spieker investigates the archive—as both bureaucratic institution and index of evolving attitudes toward contingent time in science and art—and finds it to be a crucible of twentieth-century modernism.
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Each of us has an ever-growing collection of personal digital data: documents, photographs, PowerPoint presentations, videos, music, emails and texts sent and received. To access any of this, we have to find it. The ease (or difficulty) of finding something depends on how we organize our digital stuff. In this book, personal information management (PIM) experts Ofer(...)
novembre 2016
The science of managing our digital stuff
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Each of us has an ever-growing collection of personal digital data: documents, photographs, PowerPoint presentations, videos, music, emails and texts sent and received. To access any of this, we have to find it. The ease (or difficulty) of finding something depends on how we organize our digital stuff. In this book, personal information management (PIM) experts Ofer Bergman and Steve Whittaker explain why we organize our personal digital data the way we do and how the design of new PIM systems can help us manage our collections more efficiently.
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From Greek and Roman times to the digital era, the library has remained central to knowledge, scholarship, and the imagination. The Meaning of the Library is a generously illustrated examination of this key institution of Western culture. Tracing what the library has meant since its beginning, examining how its significance has shifted, and pondering its importance in the(...)
The meaning of the library: a cultural history
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From Greek and Roman times to the digital era, the library has remained central to knowledge, scholarship, and the imagination. The Meaning of the Library is a generously illustrated examination of this key institution of Western culture. Tracing what the library has meant since its beginning, examining how its significance has shifted, and pondering its importance in the twenty-first century, notable contributors—including the Librarian of Congress and the former executive director of the HathiTrust—present a cultural history of the library. In an informative introduction, Alice Crawford sets out the book's purpose and scope, and an international array of scholars, librarians, writers, and critics offer vivid perspectives about the library through their chosen fields. The Meaning of the Library will appeal to all who are interested in this vital institution's heritage and ongoing legacy.
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Aaron Swartz était programmeur informatique, essayiste, organisateur politique, et hacker-activiste américain. Adolescent, il était déjà un libre penseur, un programmeur, un écrivain et un militant profondément engagé en faveur de l’accès libre et gratuit à l’information contribuant au bien du public. Élevé dans la banlieue riche de Chicago, il atteint la majorité alors(...)
avril 2017
Celui qui pourrait changer le monde : écrits
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Aaron Swartz était programmeur informatique, essayiste, organisateur politique, et hacker-activiste américain. Adolescent, il était déjà un libre penseur, un programmeur, un écrivain et un militant profondément engagé en faveur de l’accès libre et gratuit à l’information contribuant au bien du public. Élevé dans la banlieue riche de Chicago, il atteint la majorité alors que la bataille relative au téléchargement illégal de musique bat son plein. Il devancera à cette occasion grand nombre des questions encore débattues aujourd’hui. Harcelé par le FBI suite au procès attenté à son égard, Aaron Swartz connaît une fin tragique en mettant fin à ses jours à l’âge de 26 ans alors qu’il faisait face à l’opposition entre son idéal de « free culture » et les lois relatives à la propriété intellectuelle aux États-Unis. Étant donné la terrible brièveté de son audacieuse vie intellectuelle "Celui qui pourrait changer le monde" est une remarquable et substantielle collection de ses écrits (articles, essais, conférences), qui soulignent la pluralité des intérêts du jeune homme, de son amour pour le code, à son idéal d’un monde collaboratif et virtuel. On y découvre un personnage curieux de tout, drôle, brillant, radical et visionnaire, mais aussi plein d’autodérision. Le livre est divisé en six chapitres, suivant ses centres d’intérêts : la culture libre, tout d’abord, les ordinateurs, la politique, les media, les livres et la culture et enfin l’éducation. Ses différents combats (pour la culture libre notamment, qui se politisèrent à la fin de sa vie) sont enracinés dans la croyance qu’accéder à la connaissance et la possibilité de l’utiliser constitue le meilleur moyen d’empowerment et de justice. L’activisme multi-facette de Swartz inclue l’orchestration de pétitions massives en ligne contre les lois relatives au droit d’auteur et la lutte contre le piratage. Swartz a également écrit avec passion sur les livres (Kafka et David Foster font partis de ses favoris), les magazines, les films, la musique et l’éducation.
Data feminism
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Today, data science is a form of power. It has been used to expose injustice, improve health outcomes, and topple governments. But it has also been used to discriminate, police, and surveil. This potential for good, on the one hand, and harm, on the other, makes it essential to ask: Data science by whom? Data science for whom? Data science with whose interests in mind?(...)
mars 2020
Data feminism
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Today, data science is a form of power. It has been used to expose injustice, improve health outcomes, and topple governments. But it has also been used to discriminate, police, and surveil. This potential for good, on the one hand, and harm, on the other, makes it essential to ask: Data science by whom? Data science for whom? Data science with whose interests in mind? The narratives around big data and data science are overwhelmingly white, male, and techno-heroic. In ''Data feminism,'' Catherine D'Ignazio and Lauren Klein present a new way of thinking about data science and data ethics—one that is informed by intersectional feminist thought. Illustrating data feminism in action, D'Ignazio and Klein show how challenges to the male/female binary can help challenge other hierarchical (and empirically wrong) classification systems. They explain how, for example, an understanding of emotion can expand our ideas about effective data visualization, and how the concept of invisible labor can expose the significant human efforts required by our automated systems. And they show why the data never, ever ''speak for themselves.'' ''Data feminism'' offers strategies for data scientists seeking to learn how feminism can help them work toward justice, and for feminists who want to focus their efforts on the growing field of data science. But ''Data feminism'' is about much more than gender. It is about power, about who has it and who doesn't, and about how those differentials of power can be challenged and changed.
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Ce sont les nouveaux grands seigneurs de notre temps. Les GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) et autres plateformes (Airbnb, Uber et Netflix) règnent sans partage sur un empire numérique qui transcende les frontières nationales, au mépris de la souveraineté des États et de leurs législations. Épidémie de fausses nouvelles, polarisation des débats, contrôle(...)
avril 2022
Les barbares numériques : Résister à l'invasion des GAFAM
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Ce sont les nouveaux grands seigneurs de notre temps. Les GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) et autres plateformes (Airbnb, Uber et Netflix) règnent sans partage sur un empire numérique qui transcende les frontières nationales, au mépris de la souveraineté des États et de leurs législations. Épidémie de fausses nouvelles, polarisation des débats, contrôle des données personnelles, surconsommation énergétique et pollution atmosphérique… Ces barbares numériques représentent une véritable menace pour la démocratie. Devant la passivité de nos gouvernements, à Québec comme à Ottawa, Alain Saulnier lance un appel à la résistance. Pour l’ancien directeur de l’information de Radio-Canada, il est urgent d’établir l’équité fiscale, de protéger les droits d’auteur et de moderniser tout l’écosystème numérique. Il en va de la survie de nos médias, de notre langue et de notre culture françaises en Amérique du Nord.
The smartness mandate
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In this book, the authors suggest that "smartness" is not primarily a technology, but rather an epistemology. Through this lens, they offer a critical exploration of the practices, technologies, and subjects that such an understanding relies upon—above all, artificial intelligence and machine learning. They approach these not simply as techniques for solving problems of(...)
décembre 2022
The smartness mandate
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In this book, the authors suggest that "smartness" is not primarily a technology, but rather an epistemology. Through this lens, they offer a critical exploration of the practices, technologies, and subjects that such an understanding relies upon—above all, artificial intelligence and machine learning. They approach these not simply as techniques for solving problems of calculations, but rather as modes of managing life (human and other) in terms of neo-Darwinian evolution, distributed intelligences, and "resilience," all of which have serious implications for society, politics, and the environment.
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The only way to handle data responsibly, says Melanie Feinberg in this incisive work, is to take into account its human character. Though the data she discusses may seem familiar, close scrutiny shows it to be ambiguous, complicated, and uncertain: unruly. Drawing on the tools of information science, she uses everyday events to demonstrate a practical, critical, and(...)
Everyday adventures with unruly data
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The only way to handle data responsibly, says Melanie Feinberg in this incisive work, is to take into account its human character. Though the data she discusses may seem familiar, close scrutiny shows it to be ambiguous, complicated, and uncertain: unruly. Drawing on the tools of information science, she uses everyday events to demonstrate a practical, critical, and generative mode of thinking about data: its creation, management, aggregation, and use. As she reflects on the implications of commonplace events, Feinberg explicates fundamental concepts of data that reveal the many tiny design decisions—which may not even seem like design at all—that shape how data comes to be. Through the themes of serendipity, objectivity, equivalence, interoperability, taxonomy, labels, and locality, she illuminates the surprisingly pervasive role of data in our daily thoughts and lives.
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Digital and social media have transformed how much and how fast we communicate, but they have also altered the palette of expressive strategies: the cultural forms that shape how citizens, activists, and artists speak and interact. Most familiar among these strategies are storytelling and representation. In A Theory of Assembly, Kyle Parry argues that one of the most(...)
A theory of assembly: From museums to memes
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Digital and social media have transformed how much and how fast we communicate, but they have also altered the palette of expressive strategies: the cultural forms that shape how citizens, activists, and artists speak and interact. Most familiar among these strategies are storytelling and representation. In A Theory of Assembly, Kyle Parry argues that one of the most powerful and pervasive cultural forms in the digital era is assembly. Whether as subtle photographic sequences, satirical Venn diagrams, or networked archives, projects based in assembly do not so much narrate or represent the world as rearrange it. This work of rearranging can take place at any scale, from a simple pairing of images, undertaken by one person, to the entire history of internet memes, undertaken by millions. With examples ranging from GIFs and paintings to museum exhibitions and social movement hashtags, Parry shows how, in the internet age, assembly has come to equal narrative and representation in its reach and influence, particularly as a response to ecological and social violence. He also emphasizes the ambivalence of assembly—the way it can be both emancipatory and antidemocratic.
Module B. 2015/2019
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MODULE B. interroge la bibliothèque en tant qu’espace de classement, de présentation et de collection d’un savoir personnel ou collectif. À l’ère du numérique, il s’agit aussi de dégager la signification de la bibliothèque, sa manière d’agencer un espace, sa définition matérielle et les formes de sa virtualisation. Lors de l’inauguration du projet MODULE B. en 2015, le(...)
Module B. 2015/2019
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MODULE B. interroge la bibliothèque en tant qu’espace de classement, de présentation et de collection d’un savoir personnel ou collectif. À l’ère du numérique, il s’agit aussi de dégager la signification de la bibliothèque, sa manière d’agencer un espace, sa définition matérielle et les formes de sa virtualisation. Lors de l’inauguration du projet MODULE B. en 2015, le visiteur était amené à remplir l’une des 16 fiches du répertoire créé pour l’occasion, portant chacune un intitulé différent, une interrogation particulière sur la définition d’une bibliothèque, à travers un prisme différent. Suite à l’exposition de Module B. à hon\ books en 2019, antoine lefebvre editions publie la collection des fiches recueillies par le collectif.