AD : Cities of dispersal
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Questioning the traditional boundaries between cities, suburbs, countryside and wilderness, this issue of AD explores emergent types of public space in low-density environments. It describes this new form of urbanism: decentralised, in a constant process of expansion and contraction, not homogenous or necessarily low-rise, nor guided by one mode of development, typology(...)
AD : Cities of dispersal
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Questioning the traditional boundaries between cities, suburbs, countryside and wilderness, this issue of AD explores emergent types of public space in low-density environments. It describes this new form of urbanism: decentralised, in a constant process of expansion and contraction, not homogenous or necessarily low-rise, nor guided by one mode of development, typology or pattern. While functionally and programmatically dispersed, settlements operate as a form of urbanism; the place of collective spaces within them has yet to be defined and articulated. The physical transformation of the built environment on the one hand, and the change in our notion of the public on the other - due to globalisation, privatisation and segregation - call for renewed interpretations of the nature and character of public space. The concept of public space needs to be examined: replaced, re-created or adapted to fit these conditions. What is the place of the public in this form of urbanism, and how can architecture address the notion of common, collective spaces? What is the current sociopolitical role o such spaces? How does the form and use of these spaces reflect the conception of the public as a political (or non-political) body? And can architecture regain an active role in formulating the notion of the collective? These and other issues are addressed through essays, research projects and built work by distinguished writers such as Bruce Robbins, Albert Pope and Alex Wall, and Practitioners including Zvi Hecker, Vito Acconci, MUTOPIA, Manuel de Sola-Morales, Martha Rosler and Manuel Vicente in a search for new collective architectures within the dispersed city.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
Du rural à l'urbain
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Du rural à l'urbain est un livre précieux: il rassemble autour d'une problèmatique qui nous concerne encore aujourd'hui (comment surgit l'urbain? sa problèmatique? comment en faire la théorie?) les grandes étapes de la pensée de Henri Lefebvre (1901-1991), l'un des plus grands penseurs du xxe siècle.
Du rural à l'urbain
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Du rural à l'urbain est un livre précieux: il rassemble autour d'une problèmatique qui nous concerne encore aujourd'hui (comment surgit l'urbain? sa problèmatique? comment en faire la théorie?) les grandes étapes de la pensée de Henri Lefebvre (1901-1991), l'un des plus grands penseurs du xxe siècle.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Utopia tends to generate a bad press - regarded as impracticable, perhaps nostalgic, or contradictory when visions of a perfect world cannot accommodate the change that is necessary to a free and self-organizing society. But people from diverse backgrounds are currently building a new society within the old, balancing literal and metaphorical utopianism, and demonstrating(...)
Urban utopias : the built and social architectures of alternative settlements
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Utopia tends to generate a bad press - regarded as impracticable, perhaps nostalgic, or contradictory when visions of a perfect world cannot accommodate the change that is necessary to a free and self-organizing society. But people from diverse backgrounds are currently building a new society within the old, balancing literal and metaphorical utopianism, and demonstrating plural possibilities for alternative futures and types of settlement. Thousands of such places exist around the world, including intentional communities, eco-villages, permaculture plots, religious and secular retreats, co-housing projects, self-build schemes, projects for low-impact housing, and activist squats in urban and rural sites. This experience suggests, however, that when planning and design are not integral to alternative social formations, the modern dream to engineer a new society cannot be realized. The book is structured in four parts. In part one, literary and theoretical utopias from the early modern period to the nineteenth-century are reconsidered. Part two investigates twentieth-century urban utopianism and contemporary alternative settlements focusing on social and environmental issues, activism and eco-village living. Part three looks to wider horizons in recent practices in the non-affluent world, and Part four reviews a range of cases from the author’s visits to specific sites. This is followed by a short conclusion in which a discussion of key issues is resumed. This book brings together insights from literary, theoretical and practical utopias, drawing out the characteristics of groups and places that are part of a new society. It links today’s utopian experiments to historical and literary utopias, and to theoretical problems in utopian thought.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Written by the chair of the LEED-Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND) initiative, Sustainable Urbanism: Urban Design with Nature is both an urgent call to action and a comprehensive introduction to "sustainable urbanism"--the emerging and growing design reform movement that combines the creation and enhancement of walkable and diverse places with the need to build(...)
Sustainable urbanism: urban design with nature
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Written by the chair of the LEED-Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND) initiative, Sustainable Urbanism: Urban Design with Nature is both an urgent call to action and a comprehensive introduction to "sustainable urbanism"--the emerging and growing design reform movement that combines the creation and enhancement of walkable and diverse places with the need to build high-performance infrastructure and buildings. Providing a historic perspective on the standards and regulations that got us to where we are today in terms of urban lifestyle and attempts at reform, Douglas Farr makes a powerful case for sustainable urbanism, showing where we went wrong, and where we need to go. He then explains how to implement sustainable urbanism through leadership and communication in cities, communities, and neighborhoods. Essays written by Farr and others delve into such issues as: Increasing sustainability through density. Integrating transportation and land use. Creating sustainable neighborhoods, including housing, car-free areas, locally-owned stores, walkable neighborhoods, and universal accessibility. The health and environmental benefits of linking humans to nature, including walk-to open spaces, neighborhood stormwater systems and waste treatment, and food production. High performance buildings and district energy systems. Enriching the argument are in-depth case studies in sustainable urbanism, from BedZED in London, England and Newington in Sydney, Australia, to New Railroad Square in Santa Rosa, California and Dongtan, Shanghai, China. An epilogue looks to the future of sustainable urbanism over the next 200 years.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
Overlooked america
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In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, America was horrified by an onslaught of media accounts about those left stranded, homeless, or dead in New Orleans. And as further investigation made clear, residents of impoverished neighborhoods were the most vulnerable to disaster. In short, they were overlooked - much like the homeless, jobless, poor, and disabled victims of the(...)
Overlooked america
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In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, America was horrified by an onslaught of media accounts about those left stranded, homeless, or dead in New Orleans. And as further investigation made clear, residents of impoverished neighborhoods were the most vulnerable to disaster. In short, they were overlooked - much like the homeless, jobless, poor, and disabled victims of the everyday disasters of poverty and neglect whose lives are explored in "Overlooked America".A compilation of articles published in "Planning" magazine between 2006 and 2008, this eye-opening anthology offers a fresh look at how planners and communities affect the everyday lives of marginalized citizens. Featuring on-the-ground perspectives and expert interpretations, "Overlooked America" tackles a broad range of social problems to ask why a nation replete with resources is home to so many needy individuals and families. This ambitious volume is both a chronicle of systemic disaster and a plea for change.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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The idea of public spaces—city parks, waterfront bike paths, and bustling squares—has long been associated with urban environments. Public Spheres After Socialism challenges this idea in light of the end of the cold war and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Drawing together experiences from across Europe, this innovative volume reconsiders the public sphere as a(...)
Théorie de l’urbanisme
octobre 2008, Bristol, Chicago
Public spheres after socialism
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The idea of public spaces—city parks, waterfront bike paths, and bustling squares—has long been associated with urban environments. Public Spheres After Socialism challenges this idea in light of the end of the cold war and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Drawing together experiences from across Europe, this innovative volume reconsiders the public sphere as a figurative, or mythical, location where members of society shape and determine its values. This book examines monuments, reconstruction, film, and new media to ask whether public spaces are viable in an age of globalized consumerism.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
livres
The city at its limits
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In 1996, against the backdrop of Alberto Fujimori’s increasingly corrupt national politics, an older woman in Lima, Peru—part of a group of women street sweepers protesting the privatization of the city’s cleaning services—stripped to the waist in full view of the crowd that surrounded her. Lima had just launched a campaign to revitalize its historic districts, and this(...)
The city at its limits
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In 1996, against the backdrop of Alberto Fujimori’s increasingly corrupt national politics, an older woman in Lima, Peru—part of a group of women street sweepers protesting the privatization of the city’s cleaning services—stripped to the waist in full view of the crowd that surrounded her. Lima had just launched a campaign to revitalize its historic districts, and this shockingly transgressive act was just one of a series of events that challenged the norms of order, cleanliness, and beauty that the renewal effort promoted. The City at Its Limits employs a novel and fluid interweaving of essays and field diary entries as Daniella Gandolfo analyzes the ramifications of this act within the city’s conflicted history and across its class divisions. She builds on the work of Georges Bataille to explore the relation between taboo and transgression, while Peruvian novelist and anthropologist José María Arguedas’s writings inspire her to reflect on her return to her native city in movingly intimate detail. With its multiple perspectives—personal, sociological, historical, and theoretical—The City at Its Limits is a pioneering work on the cutting edge of ethnography.
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janvier 2009
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Fondée sur une claire distinction entre espace privé et espace public, la ville ancienne s’est imposée aux temps modernes avec son bâti homogène, ses places et les jardins de ses souverains, désormais accessibles au public. Malmené par l’industrialisation, mis au ban par les adeptes des nouvelles fonctionnalités urbaines, l’urbanisme classique a fait long feu aux 19e et(...)
Les temps de l'espace public urbain: construction, transformation et utilisation
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Fondée sur une claire distinction entre espace privé et espace public, la ville ancienne s’est imposée aux temps modernes avec son bâti homogène, ses places et les jardins de ses souverains, désormais accessibles au public. Malmené par l’industrialisation, mis au ban par les adeptes des nouvelles fonctionnalités urbaines, l’urbanisme classique a fait long feu aux 19e et 20e siècles. Mais tant les préoccupations hygiénistes que les utopies sociales ont jalousement couvé le souvenir d’espaces urbains généreux, celui aussi des grandes plages vertes léguées par l’histoire. En effet, s’il est apparu évident qu’il fallait réinventer l’habiter pour loger plus et mieux, ce qui a souvent donné lieu à une tabula rasa, la relation entre les creux et les pleins de la ville n’a cessé d’interpeller les créateurs et acteurs de la polis. À tous ceux-là, les développements de la science aidant, l’espace public s’est plutôt posé comme «lieu de» représentation et d’appropriation que comme figure urbaine canoniquement figée. Depuis lors, l’espace public urbain est devenu une notion équivoque, englobant de nombreuses réalités, convoquant autant d’images que d’imaginaires. Aujourd’hui, un fait s’impose: la ville du XXIe siècle se définira par ses espaces publics. Leurs figures spécifiques et les pratiques urbaines auxquelles la ville se prête sont de puissants révélateurs identitaires. Par-delà les approches disciplinaires, cet ouvrage propose de (re)penser les rapports entre le bâti et la société. Les auteurs des textes montrent en effet à quel point la réflexion sur les espaces publics urbains est plus que jamais d’actualité; ils soulignent la place que ces lieux d’ancrage occupent dans les constructions identitaires, révèlent les discours interprétatifs auxquels ils donnent lieu en explorant, notamment, le lien qui, en ces lieux, unit créativité et quotidienneté. Du Québec au Viêt-nam en passant par la France et l’Angleterre, chaque auteur livre un regard neuf sur la ville et ses espaces.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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"Urban Margins" explores the complex processes through which citizens produce and negotiate these marginalized landscapes and in turn are informed by them. Focusing on Douala in Cameroon and Dakar in Senegal, one essay discusses how the state's failure to provide for its citizens has led many to turn to informal networks and affiliations--whether kin-based, local,(...)
Urban margins: envisioning the contemporary global south
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"Urban Margins" explores the complex processes through which citizens produce and negotiate these marginalized landscapes and in turn are informed by them. Focusing on Douala in Cameroon and Dakar in Senegal, one essay discusses how the state's failure to provide for its citizens has led many to turn to informal networks and affiliations--whether kin-based, local, translocal, gendered, religious, or secular--for survival. Rendering the urban landscape of these cities in terms of these networks and the ways that they shape a citizen's interaction with the city, the essay considers the political possibilities for African cities where diverse multilingual and ethnic populations face the challenges, pitfalls, and compromises of coexistence.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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In an effort to create a secure urban environment in which residents can work, live, and prosper with minimal disruption, New York and London established a network of laws, policing, and municipal government in the nineteenth century aimed at building the confidence of the citizenry and creating stability for economic growth. At the same time, these two world cities(...)
Triumph of order, democracy and public space in New York and London
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In an effort to create a secure urban environment in which residents can work, live, and prosper with minimal disruption, New York and London established a network of laws, policing, and municipal government in the nineteenth century aimed at building the confidence of the citizenry and creating stability for economic growth. At the same time, these two world cities attempted to maintain an expansive level of free speech and assembly, concepts deeply ingrained in both national cultures. As democracy expanded in tandem with the size of the cities themselves, the two goals clashed, resulting in tensions over their compatibility. The results of this clash continue to resonate in our society today. Treating nineteenth-century London and New York as case studies, Lisa Keller examines the critical development of sanctioned free speech, controlled public assembly, new urban regulations, and the quelling of riots, all in the name of a proper regard for order. Drawing on rich archival sources that include the unpublished correspondence of government officials and ordinary citizens, Keller paints an intimate portrait of daily life in these two cities and the intricacies of their emerging bureaucracies. She finds that New York eventually settled on a policy of preempting disruption before it occurred, while London chose a path of greater tolerance toward street activities.
Théorie de l’urbanisme