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Cet ouvrage retrace l'histoire méconnue d'un secteur du logement populaire à Paris : les «garnis», à savoir les maisons et hôtels meublés à destination des salariés modestes et des ouvriers. Certains drames de l'année 2005 (incendie de l'hôtel Paris-Opéra : 25 morts) ont de nouveau attiré l'attention sur les rares hôtels meublés qui subsistent aujourd'hui, vétustes et(...)
Théorie de l’urbanisme
juin 2007, Grâne
Une chambre en ville : hôtels meublés et garnis à Paris, 1860-1990
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Cet ouvrage retrace l'histoire méconnue d'un secteur du logement populaire à Paris : les «garnis», à savoir les maisons et hôtels meublés à destination des salariés modestes et des ouvriers. Certains drames de l'année 2005 (incendie de l'hôtel Paris-Opéra : 25 morts) ont de nouveau attiré l'attention sur les rares hôtels meublés qui subsistent aujourd'hui, vétustes et surpeuplés, signe de la pénurie de logements pour les plus démunis. Or, jadis, ces établissements pullulaient dans Paris : près de 10000 logeurs en 1880, et près de 200 000 personnes logées ; au tout début des années 1930, avant la crise économique, près de 350 000 Parisiens (11 % de la population de la capitale !) ne vivaient pas dans leurs meubles. Le migrant d'origine provinciale ou étrangère venant à Paris pour travailler s'installait tout naturellement à l'hôtel. Avoir une chambre en ville, c'était le gage banal d'une indépendance minimum. Cette fonction de sas valait surtout pour les hommes; les femmes, à leur arrivée à Paris, occupaient plutôt des emplois où elles étaient nourries et logées. Avec la crise économique des années 1930, le secteur commença un lent déclin. Au moment de la crise du logement des années 1950, l'hôtel meublé retrouva un second souffle. Le déclin s'accéléra ensuite dans les années 1960. Le garni était devenu dans l'opinion et pour l'État synonyme de taudis et de logement insalubre, destructeur de la famille et de la morale et une partie de ses habitants put accéder au logement social de masse. Subsistèrent longtemps des formes particulières d'accueil des plus pauvres : vieilles maisons insalubres du centre et des faubourgs, bidonvilles, foyers de travailleurs, cités de transit... Rôle rempli auparavant - et souvent infiniment mieux - par le garni. Maintenus en vie comme substitut dérisoire au logement social déficient, ou bien transformés en «résidences sociales», les hôtels sont aujourd'hui bien loin de leur rôle ancien d'habitat de transition entre migration et intégration en ville. Leur survivance, signe de la misère des temps, est aussi le gage du maintien des plus pauvres dans la ville.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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"Ground-up city : play as a design tool" maps the continuing history of an urban design strategy for play in the city. Liane Lefaivre has developed a theoretical model for tackling playgrounds as an urban strategy. She steps off from a historical overview of play and the ludic in art, architecture and urban design, focusing particularly on the post-war playgrounds(...)
Ground-up city : play as a design tool
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"Ground-up city : play as a design tool" maps the continuing history of an urban design strategy for play in the city. Liane Lefaivre has developed a theoretical model for tackling playgrounds as an urban strategy. She steps off from a historical overview of play and the ludic in art, architecture and urban design, focusing particularly on the post-war playgrounds realized in Amsterdam as joint ventures between Aldo van Eyck, Cornelis van Eesteren and Jakoba Mulder. The architecture firm Döll - Atelier voor Bouwkunst explored the possibility of applying the model in two urban redevelopment areas in Rotterdam, Oude Westen in the inner city and Meeuwenplaat in Hoogvliet, an outlying postwar district, refining it into a practical design strategy. A second layer in the book gives an inspirational and refreshing new look at play in a picture essay with a welter of reference images illustrating play as an urban phenomenon. "Ground-up city" places the playground high on the agenda as an urban design challenge. It also shows how specifying a generic, academic model for a particular situation can lead to a practically applicable design resource.
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janvier 2007, Rotterdam
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Los Angeles and New York are ever more crammed with domestic and international migrants; Hartford, St. Louis, Gary, Baltimore and Flint are ever lonelier. This pattern of growth in urban supercenters and flight from midland cities is not just an American phenomenon. The pioneering German project "IBA Urban Redevelopment 2010" begins from the premise that our present(...)
The Other Cities : vol. 5 instuments
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Los Angeles and New York are ever more crammed with domestic and international migrants; Hartford, St. Louis, Gary, Baltimore and Flint are ever lonelier. This pattern of growth in urban supercenters and flight from midland cities is not just an American phenomenon. The pioneering German project "IBA Urban Redevelopment 2010" begins from the premise that our present methods of urban planning will prove inadequate for the long-term demands of shrinking cities. How can new instruments be developed? What disciplines should be involved? The fifth IBA title on this topic presents the current tools of planning for urban redevelopment--political, developmental and public-private--and suggests new ground; from new methods of information exchange and cooperation to broad interdisciplinary approaches and practical new forms of project communication and quality management.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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"Olympic cities" provides the first full overview of the changing relationship between cities and the Olympic events since 1896. With eighteen specially commissioned and original essays written by a team of authors from the U.K. and overseas, it explores the historical experience of staging the Olympics from the point of view of the host city.
Olympic cities : city agendas, planning, and the World's games, 1896-2012
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"Olympic cities" provides the first full overview of the changing relationship between cities and the Olympic events since 1896. With eighteen specially commissioned and original essays written by a team of authors from the U.K. and overseas, it explores the historical experience of staging the Olympics from the point of view of the host city.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Never before have so many people lived in an urban environment: More than half the world's current population does, and that number is expected to rise to two-thirds by 2050. The contemporary city is the arena where all of the diverse forms of power and the far-reaching impacts of globalization must interact. This situation confronts us with issues that are more urgent(...)
Théorie de l’urbanisme
août 2007, Rotterdam
Visionary power : Producing the contemporary city
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Never before have so many people lived in an urban environment: More than half the world's current population does, and that number is expected to rise to two-thirds by 2050. The contemporary city is the arena where all of the diverse forms of power and the far-reaching impacts of globalization must interact. This situation confronts us with issues that are more urgent than ever before: What is the contemporary city? Who and what "produces" it? Which forces steer its development? What is the potential role of the architect?This volume draws together research about the foundations of the contemporary city; discusses forces that have a bearing on its development; formulates the challenges for today's architects and urban planners; and presents strategies with which they can operate in the midst of this interplay of forces, on the basis of topical, coherent visions for the twenty-first century city.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Strategically situated at the gateway to the Mississippi River yet standing atop a former swamp, New Orleans was from the first what geographer Peirce Lewis called an "impossible but inevitable city." How New Orleans came to be, taking shape between the mutual and often contradictory forces of nature and urban development, is the subject of "An unnatural metropolis".(...)
An unatural metropolis : wresting New Orleans from nature
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Strategically situated at the gateway to the Mississippi River yet standing atop a former swamp, New Orleans was from the first what geographer Peirce Lewis called an "impossible but inevitable city." How New Orleans came to be, taking shape between the mutual and often contradictory forces of nature and urban development, is the subject of "An unnatural metropolis". Craig E. Colten traces engineered modifications to New Orleans's natural environment from 1800 to 2000 and demonstrates that, though all cities must contend with their physical settings, New Orleans may be the city most dependent on human-induced transformations of its precarious site. In a new preface, Colten shows how Hurricane Katrina exemplifies the inability of human artifice to exclude nature from cities and he urges city planners to keep the environment in mind as they contemplate New Orleans's future. Urban geographers frequently have portrayed cities as the antithesis of nature, but in "An unnatural metropolis", Colten introduces a critical environmental perspective to the history of urban areas. His amply illustrated work offers an in-depth look at a city and society uniquely shaped by the natural forces it has sought to harness.
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septembre 2006, Baton Rouge
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Life is a building site : not just since the German film of that name was released, the building site has been a popular metaphor for the patchwork plans of contemporary life. The phenomenon of the building site runs through our everyday lives, but it largely remains behind construction site fences. This volume looks behind the barriers and focuses on the building site as(...)
Construction site : metamorphoses in the city
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Life is a building site : not just since the German film of that name was released, the building site has been a popular metaphor for the patchwork plans of contemporary life. The phenomenon of the building site runs through our everyday lives, but it largely remains behind construction site fences. This volume looks behind the barriers and focuses on the building site as such for the first time. With authoritative information and reflection from a variety of perspectives, some quite surprising, the building site is presented as an extraordinary place in the city and as a microcosm that operates under heavy pressures of time and costs. With essays on specific building sites such as the megaproject Sihlcity in Zurich or the La Défense building site in Paris, interviews with architects and construction managers, and impressive illustrations, the book leaps into a gap in the urban landscape. The publication is rounded out by artistic, photographic interventions like those of Miklos Gaals, who is known for his photographs that turn urban scenes into toys.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Cergy-Pontoise était dans les années 1970 une porte de frontière, une terre vierge où toutes les conquêtes étaient possibles. «Ville nouvelle»... Or, ce n'est pas une ville mais une agglomération. Vilain mot pour qualifier ce qui est depuis plus de trente ans une communauté de destins unissant douze communes. Nouvelle ? Cergy-Pontoise est une trentenaire un peu adulte, un(...)
Cergy-Pontoise : terre des possibles
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Cergy-Pontoise était dans les années 1970 une porte de frontière, une terre vierge où toutes les conquêtes étaient possibles. «Ville nouvelle»... Or, ce n'est pas une ville mais une agglomération. Vilain mot pour qualifier ce qui est depuis plus de trente ans une communauté de destins unissant douze communes. Nouvelle ? Cergy-Pontoise est une trentenaire un peu adulte, un peu ado, qui, émancipée de la tutelle de l'État, revendique aujourd'hui une place de choix. Mais pour découvrir toutes les pépites que recèle cette terre des possibles, il faut repousser les limites de sa curiosité, quitter l'autoroute qui file vers Paris et prendre les chemins de traverse. Pourquoi la couronne parisienne ne pourrait-elle pas receler d'autres joyaux que la Ville Lumière? Lutter contre les idées reçues, ôter cette étiquette qui colle au béton de ce qui reste la plus grande aventure urbaine du XXe siècle, c'est le défi que cet ouvrage entend relever en donnant la parole à vingt-quatre acteurs majeurs de sa vie culturelle et sociale : de l'inventeur à la militante, de la plasticienne à l'urbaniste, de l'agriculteur à l'avocate.
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mai 2007, Paris
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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In "Municipal mind", Toronto’s Poet Laureate offers a blueprint for building sustainable cities in a global era, predicated on city soul. By weaving bold and savvy strategies for urban creativity and civic prosperity, together with a reasoned appeal for mutual respect, understanding and interaction among citizens, he persuades us that – in the delicate balancing of(...)
Municipal mind : manifestoes for the creative city
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In "Municipal mind", Toronto’s Poet Laureate offers a blueprint for building sustainable cities in a global era, predicated on city soul. By weaving bold and savvy strategies for urban creativity and civic prosperity, together with a reasoned appeal for mutual respect, understanding and interaction among citizens, he persuades us that – in the delicate balancing of universal values and individual needs – cities can do far, far better. "Municipal mind" offers up a whole new way of civic being and thinking that puts wonder before commerce and nothing before human encounter.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
Planet of slums
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Urban theorist Davis takes a global approach to documenting the astonishing depth of squalid poverty that dominates the lives of the planet's increasingly urban population, detailing poor urban communities from Cape Town and Caracas to Casablanca and Khartoum. Davis argues health, justice and social issues associated with gargantuan slums (the largest, in Mexico City, has(...)
Planet of slums
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Urban theorist Davis takes a global approach to documenting the astonishing depth of squalid poverty that dominates the lives of the planet's increasingly urban population, detailing poor urban communities from Cape Town and Caracas to Casablanca and Khartoum. Davis argues health, justice and social issues associated with gargantuan slums (the largest, in Mexico City, has an estimated population of 4 million) get overlooked in world politics: "The demonizing rhetorics of the various international 'wars' on terrorism, drugs, and crime are so much semantic apartheid: they construct epistemological walls around gecekondus, favelas, and chawls that disable any honest debate about the daily violence of economic exclusion." Though Davis focuses on individual communities, he presents statistics showing the skyrocketing population and number of "megaslums" (informally, "stinking mountains of shit" or, formally, "when shanty-towns and squatter communities merge in continuous belts of informal housing and poverty, usually on the urban periphery") since the 1960s. Layered over the hard numbers are a fascinating grid of specific area studies and sub-topics ranging from how the Olympics has spurred the forceful relocation of thousands (and, sometimes, hundreds of thousands) of the urban poor, to the conversion of formerly second world countries to third world status. Davis paints a bleak picture of the upward trend in urbanization and maintains a stark outlook for slum-dwellers' futures
Théorie de l’urbanisme