The Urban Archetypes of Jane Jacobs and Ebenezer Howard: Contradiction and meaning in city form
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Ebenezer Howard, an Englishman, and Jane Jacobs, a naturalized Canadian, personify the twentieth century’s opposing outlooks on cities. Howard had envisaged small towns, newly built from scratch, fashioned on single family homes with small gardens. Jacobs embraced existing inner-city neighbourhoods emphasizing the verve of the living street. From Howard’s idea, the(...)
The Urban Archetypes of Jane Jacobs and Ebenezer Howard: Contradiction and meaning in city form
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Ebenezer Howard, an Englishman, and Jane Jacobs, a naturalized Canadian, personify the twentieth century’s opposing outlooks on cities. Howard had envisaged small towns, newly built from scratch, fashioned on single family homes with small gardens. Jacobs embraced existing inner-city neighbourhoods emphasizing the verve of the living street. From Howard’s idea, the American Dream of garden suburbs had emerged, yet his conceptualization of a modern city received criticism for being uniform and alienated from the rest of the city. Similarly, at the turn of the new century, Jacobs’ inner-city neighbourhoods came to be recognized as the result of commodification, vacillating between poverty and newly discovered hubs of urban authenticity. Presenting Howard and Jacobs within a psychocultural context, ''The urban archetypes of Jane Jacobs and Ebenezer Howard'' addresses our urban crisis in the recognition that ''city form'' is a gendered, allegorical medium expressing femininity and masculinity within two founding features of the built environment: void and volume. Both founding contrasts bring tensions, but also the opportunities of fusion between pairs of urban polarities: human scale against superscale, gait against speed, and spontaneity against surveillance. Jacobs and Howard, in their respective attitudes, have come to embrace the two ancient archetypes, the Garden and the Citadel, leaving it to future generations to blend their two contrarian stances.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
Taking to the streets: crowds, politics, and the urban experience in mid-nineteenth-Century Montreal
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The 1840s were a period of rapid growth and social conflict in Montreal. The city''s public life was marked by a series of labour conflicts and bloody sectarian riots; at the same time, the ways that elites wielded power and ordinary people engaged in the political process were changing, particularly in public space. In Taking to the Streets Dan Horner examines how the(...)
Taking to the streets: crowds, politics, and the urban experience in mid-nineteenth-Century Montreal
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The 1840s were a period of rapid growth and social conflict in Montreal. The city''s public life was marked by a series of labour conflicts and bloody sectarian riots; at the same time, the ways that elites wielded power and ordinary people engaged in the political process were changing, particularly in public space. In Taking to the Streets Dan Horner examines how the urban environment became a vital and contentious political site during the tumultuous period from the end of the 1837-38 rebellions to the burning of Parliament in 1849. Employing a close reading of newspaper and judicial archives, he looks at a broad range of collective crowd experiences, including riots, labour demonstrations, religious processions, and parades. By examining how crowd events were used both to assert claims of political authority and to challenge their legitimacy, Horner charts the development of a contentious democratic political culture in British North America. Taking to the Streets is an important contribution to the political and urban history of pre-Confederation Canada and a timely reminder of how Montrealers from all walks of life have always used the streets to build community and make their voices heard.
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Some utopian plans have shaped our cities, from England's New Towns and Garden Cities to the Haussmann plan for Paris and the L'Enfant plan for Washington, DC. But these grand plans are the exception, and seldom turn out as envisioned by the utopian planner. Inviting city neighbourhoods are more often works of improvisation on a small scale. This type of bottom-up(...)
DIY city: The collective power of small actions
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Some utopian plans have shaped our cities, from England's New Towns and Garden Cities to the Haussmann plan for Paris and the L'Enfant plan for Washington, DC. But these grand plans are the exception, and seldom turn out as envisioned by the utopian planner. Inviting city neighbourhoods are more often works of improvisation on a small scale. This type of bottom-up development gives cities both their character and the ability to respond to sudden change. In DIY City, Hank Dittmar explains why individual initiative, small-scale business, and small development matter, using lively stories from his own experience and examples from recent history, such as the revival of Camden Lock in London and the nascent rebirth of Detroit. DIY City, Dittmar's last original work, captures the lessons he learned throughout the course of his varied career, from transit-oriented development to Lean Urbanism, that can be replicated to create cities where people can flourish.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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How we deal with land has far-reaching implications for architecture and urban development. The last decade has seen a dramatic rise in the privatization of urban land and in speculation. Many European cities that today find themselves under extreme development pressure have virtually no land left to build on. In view of the acute housing shortage, the question of who(...)
Architecture on common ground: positions and models on the land property issue
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How we deal with land has far-reaching implications for architecture and urban development. The last decade has seen a dramatic rise in the privatization of urban land and in speculation. Many European cities that today find themselves under extreme development pressure have virtually no land left to build on. In view of the acute housing shortage, the question of who owns the land is therefore more relevant than ever. To what extent are we able to treat the land as a common good and guard it from the excesses of capitalism? ''Architecture on common ground'' provides a historical overview of land property from Henry George to the present. Interviews with stakeholders in global models provide insights into the current handling of the land issue. The book presents outstanding projects based on either a legal or spatial distribution of land and thus makes a valuable contribution to the current discussion on sustainable land policy.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Scholars, cultural theorists and urban designers reflect on the transformation of seven post-socialist cities. Reflecting on the 'urban commons' concept currently in vogue in architectural discourse, this volume collects research, data and photographs for seven case studies—post-socialist cities in Central Europe—emphasizing the collective action of remaking cities.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
février 2020
Shared cities atlas: post-socialist cities and active citizenship in Central Europe
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Scholars, cultural theorists and urban designers reflect on the transformation of seven post-socialist cities. Reflecting on the 'urban commons' concept currently in vogue in architectural discourse, this volume collects research, data and photographs for seven case studies—post-socialist cities in Central Europe—emphasizing the collective action of remaking cities.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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First published in 1959, 'The Golden City' is a seminal, critical document that developed one of the earliest and most compelling arguments against the then-dominant hegemony of modernism by reawakening interest in the value of our country’s built patrimony, particularly with respect to its notable classical architecture, classical sculpture, and ornament in the built(...)
The golden city: an argument for classical architecture
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First published in 1959, 'The Golden City' is a seminal, critical document that developed one of the earliest and most compelling arguments against the then-dominant hegemony of modernism by reawakening interest in the value of our country’s built patrimony, particularly with respect to its notable classical architecture, classical sculpture, and ornament in the built environment. The book’s argument remains valuable today. 'The Golden City' can be credited with building the constituency for the preservation movement in the United States in general, and in New York City in particular. That constituency coalesced around Reed’s powerful polemic, eventually contributing to the formulation in 1965 of New York City’s groundbreaking Landmark Law, one of the most important milestones in the preservation movement in the United States.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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A manifesto for the Open City: vibrant, disordered, adaptable. In 1970 Richard Sennett published the ground breaking ''The uses of disorder,'' that the ideal of a planned and ordered city was flawed, likely to produce a fragile, restrictive urban environment. Fifty years later, Sennett returns to these still fertile ideas and alongside campaigner and architect, Pablo(...)
Designing disorder: experiments and disruptions in the city
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A manifesto for the Open City: vibrant, disordered, adaptable. In 1970 Richard Sennett published the ground breaking ''The uses of disorder,'' that the ideal of a planned and ordered city was flawed, likely to produce a fragile, restrictive urban environment. Fifty years later, Sennett returns to these still fertile ideas and alongside campaigner and architect, Pablo Sendra, sets out an agenda for the design and ethics of the Open City. The public spaces of our cities are under siege from planners, privatisation and increased surveillance. Our streets are becoming ever more lifeless and ordered. What is to be done? Can disorder be designed? Is it possible to maintain the public realm as a flexible space that adapts over time? In this provocative essay Sendra and Sennett propose a reorganisation of how we think and plan the social life of our cities. What the authors call 'Infrastructures of disorder' combine architecture, politics, urban planning and activism in order to develop places that nurture rather than stifle, bring together rather than divide up, remain open to change rather than closed off. The book proves that ideas of disorder are still some of the most radical and transformative in debates on 21st century cities.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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How did Los Angeles start the 20th century as a dusty frontier town and end up a century later as one of the globe's supercities - with unparalleled cultural, economic, and technological reach? Peter Lunenfeld constructs an urban portrait, layer by layer, from serendipitous affinities, historical anomalies, and uncanny correspondences. One of the book's innovations is(...)
CIty at the edge of forever: Los Angeles reimagined
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How did Los Angeles start the 20th century as a dusty frontier town and end up a century later as one of the globe's supercities - with unparalleled cultural, economic, and technological reach? Peter Lunenfeld constructs an urban portrait, layer by layer, from serendipitous affinities, historical anomalies, and uncanny correspondences. One of the book's innovations is to brand Los Angeles as the alchemical city. Earth became real estate when the Yankees took control in the nineteenth century. Fire fueled the city's early explosive growth as the Southland's oil fields supplied the inexhaustible demands of drivers and their cars. Air defined the area from WWII to the end of the Cold War, with aeronautics and aerospace dominating the region's industries. Water is now the key element, and Southern California's ports are the largest in the western hemisphere. What alchemists identify as the ethereal fifth element, or quintessence, this book positions as the glamour of Hollywood, a spell that sustains the city but also needs to be broken in order to understand Los Angeles now.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
Un urbanisme de l'inattendu
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Patrick Bouchain est un architecte, urbaniste, maître d'oeuvre et scénographe français. C'est un pionnier du réaménagement de lieux industriels en espaces culturels (le Lieu unique à Nantes, la Condition publique à Roubaix, Le Channel à Calais...). Partisan d'une méthode collaborative avec les habitants, permettant de définir une stratégie collective pour aborder les(...)
Un urbanisme de l'inattendu
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Patrick Bouchain est un architecte, urbaniste, maître d'oeuvre et scénographe français. C'est un pionnier du réaménagement de lieux industriels en espaces culturels (le Lieu unique à Nantes, la Condition publique à Roubaix, Le Channel à Calais...). Partisan d'une méthode collaborative avec les habitants, permettant de définir une stratégie collective pour aborder les questions urbaines, son action est guidée par sa liberté, son goût de l'expérimentation, son appétence pour les territoires et les sites. Son travail vise à promouvoir le « possible ignoré », sortir des standards pour que le temporaire débloque des situations figées, en jonglant, si nécessaire, avec la législation. Et toujours conserver une forme d'inachèvement qui accueille l'imprévu.
Théorie de l’urbanisme
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Cet ouvrage analyse les grandes évolutions de l’action publique urbaine depuis un demi-siècle à la lumière des grandes transformations sociétales : individualisation des sociétés, montée en puissance de la société du risque, montée en puissance de la société de la connaissance, transformation des modes de régulations sociales, etc. Il s’agit de rendre compte de ce qui(...)
Théorie de l’urbanisme
mars 2020
L'action publique urbaine face aux mutations sociétales
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Cet ouvrage analyse les grandes évolutions de l’action publique urbaine depuis un demi-siècle à la lumière des grandes transformations sociétales : individualisation des sociétés, montée en puissance de la société du risque, montée en puissance de la société de la connaissance, transformation des modes de régulations sociales, etc. Il s’agit de rendre compte de ce qui change l'action publique et non ce qui change dans l'action publique. Pour ce faire, les auteurs croisent des analyses quant aux transformations sociétales et des analyses portant sur l'action publique urbaine.
Théorie de l’urbanisme